On many platforms, it only requires expanding the compressed distribution and running three commands:
./configure make check make install
If you want to use the netCDF-4/HDF5 data format, you must first install the zlib-1.2.3 and HDF5-1.8.1 libraries, and build netCDF like this:
./configure --enable-netcdf-4 --with-hdf5=/location/of/hdf5 make check make install
If you run into problems, check these sources of help: